![]() X-ray pinhole imaging, as a common method, has been applied at Diamond Light Source, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility and so on (Thomas et al., 2010 Garg et al., 2014 Leitenberger et al., 2003 ). Thanks to their short wavelength, X-rays can greatly improve the imaging resolution to meet small beam size measurements. Radiation-based techniques for measuring electron beam sizes are widely used as beam diagnostics at existing synchrotron sources (Garg et al., 2018 Mitsuhashi, 1998 ). Accurate measurements of small beam size are becoming increasingly necessary. Beam size measurement plays a critical role in beam diagnostics and beam dynamics studies (Samadi et al., 2020 Koopmans et al., 2019 ). The requirements of synchrotron radiation facilities for high coherence, high brightness and small beam sizes have been proposed in some X-ray beamlines for applications such as X-ray phase contrast imaging, coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and X-ray holography (Pogoreliy et al., 2009 Yang et al., 2013 Sakdinawat & Attwood, 2010 ). ![]() This technique has great potential for small beam size measurement of fourth-generation synchrotron radiation light sources, considering its small diffraction limitation and simple experimental setups. The 0.1% difference indicates that the grating Talbot method for beam size measurement is reliable. The vertical emittances from the two methods are 1.41 nm rad and 1.40 nm rad, respectively. A comparison of the vertical emittance derived from the grating Talbot method and the synchrotron radiation visible light interferometer method was presented. A vertical beam size of 68.19 ± 2 µm was obtained based on the relationship between the coherence length and beam size at the 3W1 beamline of BEPCII. Due to the partial coherence of the synchrotron radiation source, the coherence length can be calculated by measuring the visibility decay of interferograms recorded at different distances behind the gratings. The transverse coherence of synchrotron radiation is closely related to beam size. Vertical beam size measurements were carried out at Beijing Electron–Positron Collider II (BEPCII) using a phase grating and an absorption grating based on the Talbot effect.
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